In 1973, the Aquarian Press published R. G. Torrens' The Secret Rituals of the Golden Dawn. This came four years after Spearman had published his The Inner Teachings of the Golden Dawn. A close reading of them showed variations, but not major differences, between the content of those two books and Israel Regardie's The Golden Dawn. I remember reading Regardie's review of the books by Torrens, and he was not enthused, claiming the information appeared to be just re-writes of his own book. Later, Regardie came out with another version of the Golden Dawn's rituals and teachings that were closer to the Torrens' books than his previous writings. It seems that the minor differences found in

In previous posts I've discussed the value of the Lesser Banishing Ritual of the Pentagram and its first section known as the Kabalistic Cross. In the previous post of this series (LINK) I discussed how to form the pentagrams and the importance of circumambulating as part of the ritual. I'd like to clarify by pointing out that not everyone has the room to actually move around in a circle. Some people will need to simply face one direction and then pivot 90° clockwise while standing in position. This is fine, if you simultaneously visualize yourself moving in an actual circle in order to form the protective barrier and enclosing the vortex of power you are creating. In the formulation of